If a venipuncture is unsuccessful, what should you do next?

When a venipuncture is unsuccessful, redirecting the needle toward the vein is often the most appropriate next step. This approach allows the practitioner to attempt to access the vessel without completely withdrawing the needle, which can minimize discomfort and enhance the chances of successful venous cannulation. Redirecting the needle can help locate the vein more effectively, especially if the initial angle was inadequate or if the needle missed the lumen of the vein, while still allowing the practitioner to maintain their hold on the needle.

Withdrawing the needle completely could lead to the need for an entirely new puncture site, increasing discomfort for the patient and prolonging the procedure. Applying pressure to the site is important after a successful venipuncture or if there was outright failure, but it is not a step to take immediately after an unsuccessful attempt. Changing to a larger gauge needle might be necessary in some cases, but it does not directly address the immediate task of trying to access the vein that is already within reach. Thus, redirecting the needle toward the vein after a failed attempt is the most logical and effective step to take next.